The Centre for Transformative Innovation invites you to the 2022 Tom Spurling Oration presented by Professor Ron Boschma.

About our event

Regions do not start from scratch when developing new economic activities – they develop activities that are closely related to their own capabilities. Inter-regional linkages provide access to complementary capabilities needed for successful diversification. Policymakers should map diversification opportunities of regions to formulate an evidence-based policy framework.


Professor Ron Boschma (Utrecht University) will present his research to address questions such as:

  • Why are some individuals or firms better connected than others?
  • Do individuals and firms that are spatially proximate show a higher degree of connectivity?
  • Are the types of proximity substitutes or complements? And why?


There is an optimal level of proximity between agents. The advantages of being spatially proximate depend crucially on the nature of the knowledge at hand.

Simple knowledge flows equally to actors near and far, while complex knowledge is unlikely to diffuse – no matter how proximate actors are. With knowledge of moderate complexity, however, the outcomes show that more close actors are in a better position to benefit from knowledge diffusion in contrast to more distant recipients.

About our speaker

Professor Ron Boschma is the leading international authority on how different forms of proximity (cognitive, organisational, social, institutional and spatial) affect firms in innovation ecosystems.

He claims that spatial proximity is neither a necessary nor a sufficient condition for inter-firm learning and innovation. The spatial evolution of innovation networks does not necessarily increase their innovative performance.

Professor Boschma's insights are timely given the recent investments by businesses and governments in industrial precincts and networks.

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